Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1 PhD Student of Climatology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor of Climatology, Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Among the greenhouse gases in the earth's atmosphere, methane is the most important cause of global warming caused by human activities, after carbon dioxide. Almost three-quarters of methane greenhouse gas emissions are of human origin, and for this reason, it is very important to continue measuring and recording its emission values with two approaches of bottom-up and top-down monitoring. In the research conducted in the field of methane greenhouse gas monitoring, the bottom-up monitoring approach is of great importance as a vital and necessary tool to identify and accurately measure the emission of this gas. In cases where researchers need accurate and local data, using a bottom-up monitoring approach can lead to actions to reduce methane emissions and help improve environmental management. The bottom-up monitoring approach of methane greenhouse gas is categorized based on methods such as direct or indirect measurements at the emission source location, types of detection sensors, laboratory studies, and sampling methods. Each of these methods has its own strengths and weaknesses, and usually, in order to choose one or more methods, it is necessary to consider conditions such as the geographical environment, the purpose of the research, and the degree of accuracy required. Bottom-up monitoring approach methods together with top-down monitoring approach methods provide an effective combination for comprehensive and complete monitoring of methane greenhouse gas and can play a key role in formulating environmental policies and emission reduction measures.
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