Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 PhD student in Agricultural Meteorology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Irrigation, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources sari, Iran
Abstract
Rice requires specific environmental conditions to achieve high-quality production, and the planting date plays a crucial role in the productivity and quality of the crop. This study aimed to determine the optimal planting time for Tarom Hashemi rice in Mazandaran province. Eleven years of temperature data (2011-2021) from 15 synoptic meteorological stations in Mazandaran and TRMM satellite imagery were used to map suitable planting areas. The accuracy of the satellite images was evaluated using statistical indices and the kriging interpolation method, and a questionnaire was completed by 25 farmers to further assess the data's accuracy. The results indicated that the satellite images had a high correlation with the actual data (greater than 0.50), and error indices were less than 3 and 4.2 degrees Celsius. The best planting period was from April 21 to late May, consistent with the calendar of the Iranian Rice Research Institute. The optimal temperature for tillering was found to be in Ordibehesht (April 21 - May 21), while Esfand (February 20 - March 20) was the least favorable time for planting due to average temperatures below 10 degrees Celsius. Farmers who planted in Esfand experienced more stress and disease. In conclusion, adhering to an appropriate planting schedule can reduce stress and disease, thereby improving crop quality. Based on the findings of this study, the best time to plant Tarom Hashemi rice in Mazandaran is late April to early May, which can help farmers make better planting decisions.
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