Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Economic, social and extension Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran

2 Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

The continuation of droughts and the reduction of water resources have made the water input as the most important input affecting the composition and amount of cultivated area of agricultural products in the cultivation pattern of Razavi Khorasan province. In fact, the economic efficiency of the water consumption of each crop has a central and decisive role in the composition of the cultivation pattern. Therefore, in this study, the economic efficiency of water consumption during the past years was investigated. The information needed to estimate this index for the main agricultural products, from the cost system of the production of agricultural products during the years 2006 to 2020, and the basic residual method was used to estimate the economic productivity index of water. Statistics and information of 4 agricultural years 2013-2016 were used, to calculate the physical and economic efficiency of water consumption of all agricultural and garden products. The results of the study showed that the product price, as a variable outside the control of farmers, plays an important role in changing the economic productivity index, and establishing stability in the relative price of agricultural products depends on the formation of value chains in parallel with the implementation and modification of the crop pattern that has been notified by the ministry of Jihad Agriculture.

Keywords

Abbasi, F., Abbasi, N. and Tavakoli, A. (2017). Water productivity in agriculture; Challenges and prospects. journal of water and sustainable development, 4(1):141-144. [In Persian].
Abbasi, F., Sohrab, F. and Abbasi, N. (2017). Evaluation of irrigation efficiencies in Iran. Irrigation and Drainage structures Engineering Research, 17(67):113-128 [In Persian].
Baghani, J. Et al. (2018). Determining the water consumption of wheat in the country. The final report of the national research plan under the registration number 53636, Agricultural Engineering and Technical Research Institute, Karaj, Iran. [In Persian].
Bajčetić, M., Brnjas Z. and Drašković, B. (2016). Economic efficiency of water protection within environmentally friendly and integrated water resources management. International review (1-2): 82-90.
Cai, X., Rosegrant, M.W. and Ringler, C. (2003). Physical and economic efficiency of water use in the river basin: Implications for efficient water management. Water Resources Research, 39(1):1-11.
Dalton, P., S. Raine, and K. Broadfoot. (2001). Best management practices for maximising whole farm irrigation efficiency inthe Australian cotton industry. Final report to the Cotton Research and Development Corporation, National Centre for Engineering in Agriculture Report, 179707(2).
Fan, Y., Massey, R. and Park, S.C. (2018). Multi-crop production decisions and economic irrigation water use efficiency: the effects of water costs, pressure irrigation adoption, and climatic determinants. Water, 10(11): 1637, doi: 10.3390.w10111637.
Fan, Y., Wang, C. and Nan, Z. (2014). Comparative evaluation of crop water use efficiency, economic analysis and net household profit simulation in arid Northwest China. Agricultural Water Management, 146: 335-345.
Ghadami Firouzabadi A. and Seyedan S. M. (2019). Evaluation of irrigation water productivity and economic analysis of alfalfa production in sprinkler and surface irrigation systems. Journal of Irrigation and Water Engineering, 10(1): 135-148. [In Persian].
Gholami, Z., Ebrahimian, H. and Noori, H. (2016). Investigation of irrigation water productivity in sprinkler and surface irrigation systems (Case study: Qazvin Plain). Journal of Irrigation Science and Engineering, 39 (3): 135-146. [In Persian].
Grimble, R. (1999). Economic instruments for improving water use efficiency: theory and practice. Agricultural Water Management, 40(1):77-82.
Haghayeghi, S. A. (2019). Sustainable management of underground water with the perspective of optimal agricultural water consumption in Razavi Khorasan province. The final report of the research project of the Agricultural Engineering and Technical Research Institute, registration number 89.995. [In Persian].
Heidari, N. (2012). Determination and evaluation of water use efficiency of some major crops under farmers management in Iran. Journal of Water and Irrigation Management, 1(2): 43-57. [In Persian].
Hung, M.-F., Shaw, D. and Chie, B.-T.(2014). Water trading: locational water rights, economic efficiency, and third-party effect. Water, 6(3): 723-744.
Ibragimov, N., Evett, S. R., Esanbekov, Y., Kamilov, B. S., Mirzaev, L. and Lamers, J. P.A. (2007). Water use efficiency of irrigated cotton in Uzbekistan under drip and furrow irrigation. Agric. Water Manage. 90(1-2):112-120.
Jenab, M. and Nazari, b. 2017. The study of water productivity and yield gap of wheat, barley and maize in Qazvin province Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 49(6) 1405-1417. [In Persian].
Karimi M. and Jolaini M. 2016. Evaluation of Agricultural Water Productivity Indices in Major Field Crops in Mashhad Plain (Technical Note). Journal of Water and Sustainable Development, 4(1): 133-138. [In Persian].
Keshavarz, A. and Dehghani Sanij. H. (2012). Water productivity index and solution for future of agricultural activities in Iran. Quarterly Journal of Economic Strategy, 1(1):199-203. [In Persian].
Ministry of Agriculture jihad. (2022). Agricultural statistics for the year 2021, Volume 1: Crops. Tehran: Ministry of Agriculture Jihad, Deputy Planning and Economic Affairs, Information and Communication Technology Center [In Persian].
Ministry of Agriculture jihad. (2022). Agricultural statistics for the year 2021, Volume 3: Report on horticultural and greenhouse products.  Tehran: Ministry of Agriculture Jihad, Deputy Planning and Economic Affairs, Information and Communication Technology Center [In Persian].
Ministry of energy. (2015). Theoretical and practical foundations of economic valuation of water in agricultural uses. Tehran: Ministry of Energy, Water and Wastewater Affairs Deputy, Office of Water and Wastewater Standards and Plans, No. 166-N, 149 p. [In Persian].
Mohammadi, A., Mahmoudi, A., Deihim Fard, R. and Nouri, A. (2019). Assessment of water productivity and supply demand ratio index in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) in Khorasan Razavi province, Iran using growth simulation models. Iranian Journal of crop Sciences, 21(3):268-286. [In Persian].
Mohammadpour Hangarvani, M. and Arsalanbod, M. (2014). Investigating the economic efficiency of water and its more effective factors in major agricultural products; a case study of Urmia city. International conference on sustainable development with a focus on agriculture, environment and tourism. 16-17 september 2015, Tabriz, Iran. [In Persian].
vafabakhsh, c. , Haghayeghi, S.A., Khoshbazm, R., Shalforoshan, S.M. and Fatemi, S.M. (2016). Verification of water consumption and productivity in underground water sources in order to use its results in developing the crop pattern. The final report. [In Persian].
World Bank. (2006). World Development Indicators, Available at: www.worldbank.org
Youssef gomrokchi, A. (2021). Estimation of potential yield and yield gap of major crops in Qazvin irrigation network.  Water Resources Engineering, 14(50): 75-88. [In Persian].
zamani, o., mortazavi, s. a. & balali, H.(2014). Economical Water Productivity of Agricultural Products in Bahar Plain, Hamadan. journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 28(1), 51-62. [In Persian].
Zare, S. (2018). Evaluation and comparison of water pricing policy with alternative options and their impact on the production, trade and crop pattern in Khorasan Razavi province. (Ph.D.), Faculty of agriculture, University of Zabol, zabol, Iran. [In Persian].
Zwart, S. J. and Bastiaanssen, W. G. M. (2004). Review of measured crop water productivity values for irrigated wheat, rice, cotton, and maize. Journal of Agricultural Water Management, 69:115 133.