نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری هواشناسی کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، ساری، ایران
2 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی ، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ، ساری ، ایران
چکیده
برنج نیازمند شرایط محیطی خاصی برای تولید با کیفیت بالا است و تاریخ کاشت نقش مهمی در بهره‌وری و کیفیت این محصول دارد. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین زمان مناسب کشت برنج طارم هاشمی در استان مازندران انجام شد. داده‌های دمایی 11 ساله (1390-1400) از 15 ایستگاه هواشناسی سینوپتیک مازندران و تصاویر ماهواره‌ای TRMM برای رسم نقشه نواحی مناسب کشت استفاده شد. دقت تصاویر ماهواره با شاخص‌های آماری و روش کریجینگ بررسی و پرسشنامه‌ای نیز توسط 25 کشاورز برای ارزیابی دقیق‌تر داده‌ها تکمیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که تصاویر ماهواره‌ای با داده‌های واقعی همبستگی بالایی داشتند (بیش از 0.50) و شاخص‌های خطا کمتر از 3 و 4/2 درجه سلسیوس بودند. بهترین زمان کشت از 21 فروردین تا اواخر اردیبهشت بوده که با تقویم موسسه تحقیقات برنج ایران همخوانی دارد. دمای مطلوب برای پنجه‌زنی در اردیبهشت و اسفند نامناسب‌ترین زمان کشت به دلیل دمای کمتر از 10 درجه است. کشاورزانی که در اسفند کاشت کردند، تنش و بیماری بیشتری داشتند. در نتیجه، رعایت زمان‌بندی مناسب کشت برنج می‌تواند تنش و بیماری‌ها را کاهش داده و کیفیت محصول را بهبود بخشد. بر اساس یافته‌های این پژوهش، بهترین زمان برای کشت برنج طارم هاشمی در مازندران اواخر فروردین تا اوایل اردیبهشت است که می‌تواند به بهبود تصمیم‌گیری‌های کشاورزان کمک کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
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