نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی فقید دکتری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
3 استادیار، گروه احیا و مناطق خشک و بیابانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
4 دانش آموخته دکتری علوم جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
چکیده
برای تعیین نیاز آبی گونه‌های کاج و زیتون تلخ در سنین مختلف رویشی تحت تنش خشکی، آزمایش با آرایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوکی تصادفی کامل با تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل نوع گونه در دو سطح (کاج و زیتون)، سن در سه سطح (یک، سه و پنج ساله) و تنش خشکی در سه سطح (ملایم (3/0)، متوسط (5/0) و زیاد (7/0)) در 10 تکرار در منطقه رباط‌کریم، استان تهران انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که میزان مصرف آب در نهال کاج تهران در طول دوره رشد گیاه و در تیمارهای مختلف اعمال شده شامل تیمارهای تنش خشکی 3/0، 5/0 و 7/0 در سن 1؛ خشکی 3/0، 5/0 و 7/0 در سن 3؛ خشکی 3/0، 5/0 و 7/0 در سن 5 به‌ترتیب شامل 3/239، 3/258، 13/307، 4/310، 7/339، 13/385، 03/414، 7/436 و 4/498 میلی‌متر بود. همچنین میزان مصرف آب در زیتون تلخ در طول دوره رشد گیاه و در تیمارهای مختلف اعمال شده به‌ترتیب برابر با 9/238، 4/282، 03/310، 322، 8/374، 4/421، 7/471، 8/374 و 4/421 میلی‌متر بدست آمد. بر اساس نتایج مقدار نیاز آبی کاج تهران در رژیم‌های رطویتی مورد مطالعه از زیتون تلخ بیشتر بود. با افزایش میزان کاهش رطوبت مجاز مقدار نیاز آبی کاج تهران و زیتون تلخ در همه سنین مورد بررسی، افزایش یافت. بنابراین نیاز است در طرح‌های جنگل‌کاری در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک زیتون تلخ در اولویت کاشت قرار گیرد و نکات تنش خشکی مناسب (7/0) در نظر گرفته شود تا شرایط مناسب برای رشد و ماندگاری در شرایط سخت برای این درختان فراهم گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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