نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه منابع طبیعی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه هرمزگان.

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکدة کشاورزی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکدة کشاورزی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران،

4 دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

چکیده

فناوری نانو می‌تواند به عنوان یک رویکرد نوین در جهت بهبود ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و هیدرولیکی خاک های شور مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. برهمین اساس مطالعه‌‌ای با هدف بررسی تأثیر مواد اصلاح‌کننده معدنی و آلی (در مقیاس نانو و غیرنانو) بر خاک شور با بافت لومی انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری از خاک در عمق 5 تا 30 سانتی‌متری صورت گرفت و تیمارها شامل بیوچار و نانوبیوچار پوست انار، نانوبنتونیت، زئولیت، میکروسیلیس و نانوسیلیس بر روی ستون‌های خاکی (با ابعاد 35 × 10 سانتی‌متر) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و در سه تکرار اعمال شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تمامی مواد اصلاحی منجر به افزایش میانگین‏وزنی‏قطر‏خاکدانه‌ها، ارتقای شاخص پایداری خاکدانه در آب و بهینه‌سازی پارامترهای رطوبتی (ظرفیت‏زراعی، نقطه‏پژمردگی‏دائم و آب‏قابل‏دسترس) شدند. بیشترین مقدار شاخص پایداری خاکدانه در آب مربوط به تیمار نانوسیلیس بود که نسبت به شاهد 35 درصد افزایش داشت و کمترین جرم مخصوص ظاهری خاک (5/1 گرم بر سانتی‌متر مکعب) نیز در این تیمار مشاهده شد. کمترین مقدار نقطه‏پژمردگی‏دائم در این پژوهش مربوط به تیمار سیلیس معمولی بود که با سایر تیمارها در سطح ۵٪ اختلاف معنی‌دار نشان داد و همچنین افزودن مواد اصلاحی نانو و غیر نانو به خاک لومی شور، به‌جز تیمار بیوچار، سبب افزایش معنی‌دار ظرفیت‏زراعی در سطح ۵٪ نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. داده‌ها نشان دادند که افزودن مواد اصلاحی نانو و غیر نانو (به‌استثنای بیوچار معمولی)، سبب افزایش معنی‌دار رطوبت‏قابل‌دسترس در خاک شور شد. یافته‌ها مؤید نقش مؤثر مواد اصلاحی، به‌ویژه نانوسیلیس، در بهبود کیفیت ساختاری خاک، پایداری خاکدانه‌ها و خصوصیات هیدرولیکی خاک است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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