نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم آب، واحد شوشتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شوشتر، ایران
2 گروه مهندسی عمران، مرکز تحقیقات مواد و انرژی، واحد دزفول، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دزفول، ایران.
چکیده
مدیریت منابع آب در کشاورزی یکی از مولفههای اصلی توسعه پایدار اقتصادی و امنیت غذایی است. هدف از این تحقیق تعیین مدل بهرهبرداری بهینه از منابع آب با روش چانه زنی چندهدفه گیاهان زراعی از نظر فصل رشد به دو گروه گیاهان بهاره و زمستانه تقسیم میشوند. به گیاهان زمستانه در حالت کلی کشت دیم گفته میشود. کشت دیم از بارندگی فصل زمستان برای تأمین نیاز آبی استفاده میکندروش کار به این صورت است که ابتدا به مساله انتقال آب کشاورزی در دشت هندیجان از استان خوزستان به منظور ارزیابی منابع آب برای کشت دیم پرداخته شده است و سپس مقادیر بهینه آب مورد نیاز برای کشت دیم چهار محصول گندم، جو، کلزاوعدس با رویکرد فازی و روش چانه زنی چندهدفه وبا استفاده از نرم افزار محاسبه شده است. بدین ترتیب که ابتدابا تشکیل توابع هدف با متغیرهای تصمیم مساله بدست آمده توسط الگوریتم بهینهسازی جستجوی گرانشی برای یافتن پاسخهای فازی حل میشود.که در قالب یک مدل بهینهسازی توسط نرم افزار MATLAB انجام گردیدبا توجه به نتایج بدست آمده راندمان نسبی تولید محصول در این منطقه برای گندم بین 23/0 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب تا 57/0 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب متغیر بوده است. سهم آبیاری در منطقه تقریبا22 درصد بوده است.. منظور از آبیاری بهینه رسیدن به سطحی از حجم آبیاری تکمیلی است که میزان محصول تولیدی را بدون افزایش سطح زیرکشت بهبود بخشد.با اجرای مدل بهینه با ثابت نگه داشتن سطح زیرکشت تولید محصول بصورت میانگین تا 17درصد رشد پیدا میکند
کلمات کلیدی: بهینهسازی آبیاری، کشت دیم، چانه زنی، هندیجان
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
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