پایش و ارزیابی ویژگی‌های مکانی و زمانی خشکسالی در ایران با استفاده از سنجش از دور

فخار, محدثه السادات; نظری, بیژن

doi:10.22077/jdcr.2024.7011.1050

پایش و ارزیابی ویژگی‌های مکانی و زمانی خشکسالی در ایران با استفاده از سنجش از دور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

محدثه السادات فخار ¹

بیژن نظری ²

¹ دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین، ایران

² دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین، ایران.

https://doi.org/10.22077/jdcr.2024.7011.1050

چکیده

این مطالعه به شناسایی و توصیف خشکسالی‌ با استفاده از شاخص‌های چندگانه مبتنی بر MODIS پرداخته بنابراین ویژگی‌های زمانی- مکانی شدت و فراوانی خشکسالی در کل کشور در بازه زمانی سال‌های 2001 تا 2021 با استفاده از شاخص بارش استاندارد شده به صورت یک ماهه SPI-1، سه ماهه SPI-3 و یکساله SPI-12، براساس مجموعه داده بارش CHIRPS با قدرت تفکیک مکانی 5 کیلومتر، شاخص وضعیت پوشش گیاهی (VCI)، شاخص وضعیت دما (TCI) و شاخص سلامت پوشش گیاهی (VHI) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. پراکندگی بارندگی در نواحی جنوب شرقی و نواحی مرکزی کشور کمتر از 200 میلی‌متر در سال است. بررسی نسبت کلاس‌های خشکسالی بر اساس شاخص TCI نشان می‌دهد نسبت مساحت مناطقی که در سال 2020 و 2021 در کلاس خشکی شدید قرار دارند به ترتیب 7/36% و 2/43% بوده که حدود 7 درصد افزایش داشته است. مقایسه مساحت کلاس خشکسالی دو شاخص TCI و VCI نیز نشان می‌دهد که شاخص VCI در سال 2020 و 2021 به میزان 7/3% و 1/5% سطح مناطقی که در کلاس خشکسالی شدید قرار دارند را بیشتر برآورد کرده است. همچنین شاخص VHI نشان می‌دهد 6 استان ناحیه جنوبی کشور، بین بازه زمانی سال‌های 2009 تا 2021 خشکسالی طولانی مدت را تجربه کرده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پیامد خشک‌سالی

داده ‌CHIRPS

سنجش‌ازدور

شاخص‌های خشک‌سالی

موضوعات

خشکسالی

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