مجله پژوهش های خشکسالی و تغییراقلیم

حفظ و احیا تالاب هامون راهکاری مشترک برای ایران و افغانستان در زمینه مواجهه با پدیده تغییر اقلیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

محمدرضا فرزانه 1
فائزه بنی مصطفی عرب 2
سحر حسین همارشید 3

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست و پایش آلایند ه ها، پژوهشکده محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار، تهران، ایران.

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ریاضی مالی، دانشکده آمار، ریاضی و رایانه، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار دانشکده علوم کاربردی، دانشگاه پلی تکنیک سلیمانیه، حلبچه، عراق

https://doi.org/10.22077/jdcr.2023.6658.1037
چکیده
کشورهای ایران و افغانستان در طول تاریخ با خطرهای اقلیمی مواجه بوده‌اند که منجر به خسارت‌های جانی، محیط‌زیستی و اقتصادی گسترده‌ای شده است. در این پژوهش شرایط بلند مدت اقلیمی گذشته دو کشور ایران و افغانستان در مقیاس کلان ملی و از منظر پارامترهای اقلیمی و مخاطرات طبیعی مقایسه گردید و بر مبنای گزارش ششم هیات بین الدول تغییر اقلیم تصویرسازی شرایط محتمل دوره آتی تحت سناریوهای مختلف برای پارامترهای دما و بارندگی ارائه گردید تا شباهت اقلیمی دو کشور از منظر شاخصهای مذکور تبیین گردد و در نهایت با بهره گیری از روش تحقیق کیفی دلیل توجه به حفاظت و احیا تالاب بمنظور راهکار مشترک دو کشور در مواجهه با پدیده تغییر اقلیم تبیین گردید. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میانگین دما در هر دو کشور به سال‌های اخیر تعلق دارد و بیشترین تغییر در توزیع میانگین دما در 80 سال اخیر، متعلق به دوره 1991-2020 است. دهه اخیر ، گرم‌ترین دهه بوده است. بیشترین حوادث رخ‌داده و تعداد افراد تحت تاثیر در 40 سال اخیر در هر دو کشور بررسی می‌شود. حفظ و احیا تالاب یک استراتژی سه گانه سازگار با تغییر اقلیم است و در شرایطی که هر دو کشور متاثر از تغییر اقلیم هستند، تمرکز جدی بر حفظ و احیای تالاب هامون و همچنین نقش اشخاص ثالث در عرصه بین‌المللی در زمینه تالاب یا تغییر اقلیم یا هر دو، از راهکارهای مهم برای حل مناقشه بین دو کشور است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بارش
تالاب
تغییر اقلیم
دما
مخاطرات طبیعی
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  • تاریخ دریافت 15 مرداد 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 01 آبان 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 12 مهر 1402

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